This pioneering study provides a first-of-its-kind, broad assessment of the socio-economic impacts associated with the phasing out and banning of 10 high-risk plastic products in South Africa. The report was commissioned because the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA) adopted a decision to start negotiations on a legally binding instrument to end plastic pollution. The zero draft treaty text sets out options to reduce and eliminate problematic and avoidable plastic products globally. The negotiations on the treaty text should be finalised by 2024 with implementation of the control measures taking place from 2025 at a national level. It is a starting point for future research, offering critical insights into the intricate interplay between social, environmental and economic factors.